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Pearl River (Mississippi–Louisiana)
The Pearl River is a river in the U.S. states of Mississippi and Louisiana. It forms in Neshoba County, Mississippi from the confluence of Nanih Waiya and Tallahaga creeks.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work=Pearl River Basin Development District )〕 and has a meander length of .〔U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. (The National Map ), accessed June 13, 2011〕 The lower part of the river forms part of the boundary between Mississippi and Louisiana. The river contains large areas of bottomland hardwood swamp and cypress swamp, providing habitat for many species of wildlife including sturgeon and black bears. There was once hope that Ivory-billed woodpeckers might survive here, but this now seems unlikely.〔Keddy, P.A. 2008. Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana’s Natural Heritage. Xlibris, Philadelphia. 229 p. Figure p. 169. ISBN 978-1-4363-6234-4〕 The mouth of the river provides important marsh habitat along salinity gradients; these marshes have been the subject of many scientific studies.〔Taylor, K. L. and Grace, J. B. (1995). The effects of vertebrate herbivory on plant community structure in the coastal marshes of the Pearl River, Louisiana, USA. Wetlands, 15, 68–73.〕〔Gough, L. G., Grace, J. B., and Taylor, K. L. (1994). The relationship between species richness and community biomass: the importance of environmental variables. Oikos, 70, 271–9.〕 It is considered to be one of the most critical areas of natural habitat remaining in Louisiana.〔Keddy, P.A. 2008. Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana’s Natural Heritage. Xlibris, Philadelphia. 229 p. Figure 6.1. ISBN 978-1-4363-6234-4〕
==Tributaries and hydrology==
The Yockanookany and Strong rivers are tributaries on the upper section and the Bogue Chitto is a tributary on the lower section. The Bogue Chitto's mean low-water discharge is nearly six times the mean low-water discharge of the Pearl River at Jackson, Mississippi, according to a 1936 government report of the Mississippi Planning Commission.〔''Drainage Basin and Waterways Reports, 1936-1938.'' Mississippi Planning Commission. Mississippi Department of Archives and History. Series 2488 Box 19948. "Report on the Pearl River Drainage Basin". Page.1.〕 Northeast of Jackson, the Ross Barnett Reservoir is formed by a 1962 dam. Average annual rainfall is about 52 inches in the upper third of the basin, and below Jackson the basin rainfall increases to 64 inches or more.〔United States Department of the Interior. Water Resources Division. U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Mobile District. Corps of Engineers. Department of the Army. (1967) Joseph W. Lang. "Geohydrologic Summary of the Pearl River Basin". p. 11.〕
West of Picayune, about above the mouth, the river forks.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work=USGS – The Rivers of Mississippi )〕 The East Pearl River empties into Lake Borgne, where the dredged Pearl River Channel meets the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. The discharge flows eastward past Grand Island through St. Joe Pass and into the Mississippi Sound.〔 〕 The West Pearl River flows into The Rigolets, thence into Lake Borgne.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work=U.S. Code Collection, Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School )〕 Both discharges eventually reach the Gulf of Mexico. The Pearl River serves as the boundary between Mississippi and Louisiana〔 in its lower reach near the Gulf of Mexico.
Pearl River provides the receiving waters for the Savanna Street Sewage Treatment Plant in Jackson, Mississippi.〔Savanna Street Wastewater Treatment Plant, (Risk Management Plan ), Executive Summary - 2012. Accessed July 19, 2014〕 which lies about from the mouth of the river.
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